1.重点词汇及短语:successful,imagine,soup,biscuit,pancake,cheese,pie,western,
indian,russian,supply,knowabout,makemoney,makeaposter,chatwith,
ontheinternet,tryone’sbest,preparefor,thinkabout,haveasweettooth,lateron,
inorderto,getallwet,bepleasedwith,makeaninvitation
2.语法:(1)学习宾语从句(that的用法)。(2)掌握征求对方意见或提建议的句型。
3.重点句型及交际用语:(1)iwillturntoourteachersforhelp.
(2)i’llchatwithdanielontheinternettogetmoreinformationabouthim.
(3)let’stryourbesttomakeitsuccessful.
(4)canyouimaginewhatthefoodfestivalwillbelike
(5)i'mthinkingaboutthat.
(6)ihaveasweettoothandithankalotofstudentswouldbuywesternfood,suchas…
(7)what’smore,i’msurethatsellingfriendriceanddumplingswillmakealotofmoney.
(8)that’sgoodenough.
(9)ibelievewe’llmakealotofmoneyfordanieligali
(10)–thankyouverymuch.–it’sapleasure.
(11)mayiinviteyoutoourfoodfestival
(12)it’sagreatpity,butnevermind.
(13)willyoupleasetellmesomethingaboutyourself,…
(14)i'llsendyouane-maillateron.(15)wehopetheywillbesuccessful.
(16)extensionsixzerozerosix,please.(17)holdtheline,please.
(18)i'mpleasedtohearthatyouaretryingtohelpothers.
(19)keepupthegoodwork.
(20)ourstudentswillsellmanydeliciousinternationalfoodsinordertoraise
moneyforavillageschoolinnigeria.
(21)i'mverypleasedwithwhatyouaregoingtodoforus.
二、重点短语:
1、knowabout了解、知道、的情况;
knowmuch/alotaboutsb/sth;
knowof听说过;知道
2、haveafoodfestival=holdafoodfestival举办美食节。
3、makemoney赚钱
4、shalli/we……我、,好吗?
mayi。。。。。。我可以、吗?
willyou。。。。。。请你、好吗?
注意:willyounot、而不是willyoudon’t、
wouldliketodosth想要做某事
5、turntosbforhelp=asksbforhelp向某人求助
it’sone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事
6、chatwithsb和某人聊天chataboutsb/sth闲谈某人或某事
7、ontheinternet上网ontheline上线ontheradio在使用收音机
8、getsthaboutsb获得关于某人的信息
9、tryone’sbest=doone’sbest尽最大努力
wemusttryourbesttostudyenglishwell.我们必须尽最大努力学好英语。
10、successful成功的successfully成功地
succeed成功success成功
11、itis+形容词+forsbtodosth做某事是很、
12、haveasweettooth=likeeatingsweetfood喜欢吃甜食
13、west西方western西方的;西部的;
north北方northern北方的
south南方southern南方的
east东方eastern东方的
fujiangisinthesoutheastofchina.福建在中国的东南部。
14、what’smore而且
15、servesth提供某食物servesb为某人服务不用serveforsb
16、enough+名词形容词+enough
enoughmoney足够多的钱bigenough足够大
17、invitesbtosomewhere邀请某人去某处
invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事
18、nevermind=itdoesn’tmatter没关系
19、whatapity太遗憾了
feelpityforsb=havepityonsb同情某人
ipityyou。我可怜你。
20、lateron在过些时候
lateron后来(用于过去时中)
soonerorlater迟早seeyoulater一会儿
halfanhourlater半个小时后
22、wehopetheycouldmakeitsuccessful.我们希望他们能够成功。
(句子中的could不能换成can)
4)thisistomspeaking.我是tom。
5)ican’thearyou.我没听清楚。
6)holdtheline./holdon,please.请稍等。
7)thelineisbad/busy.线路坏了。
8)icouldn’tgetthrough.我打不通。
24、trytodosth.试图做某事。trydoingsth试着干某事
25、bepleasedtodosth高兴做某事
bepleasedwithsth对、满意
26、keepup使某物保持keepupthegoodwork。继续好好干。
keepdoingsth一直做某事(表示动作的持续)
keepondoingsth(表示动作的反复)
keepsb/sthdoingsth让某人/持续做某事让某事持续进行
keepout不让人入内
keepupwith跟上
27、inorder(not)todosthinorderthat+句子=sothat+句子
28、supplysbwithsth=supplysthtosb给某人提供某物
29、一些little/alittle+不可数名词few/afew+可数名词
little、few用于否定句alittle、afew用于肯定句
30、喜爱enjoy(具有满足感)、befondof(对、感兴趣)
goinfor(习惯于)
31、whatheneedsisagoodmeal.他所需要的是一顿美餐。
32、win赢得beat打败
topic2
1.重点词汇和短语:cut,oil,add,pork,ham,deep,cooker,immediately,
advantage,butter,pear,patient,heat,spoon,somebody,course,southern,be
proudof,welldone,cutup,betiredof,pour...over,helponeselfto,table,manners,
atthetable,onsb.’slap,startwith,inone’srighthand,aroundtheworld,pickup:,at
thesametime
2.语法:(1)宾语从句(whether与if的用法)。(2)不定式作主语。
3.重点句型:(1)i'mgladthatyouaretryingtohelpothers.(2)it'sverykindofyou.
(3)welldone!(4)cookingisfun!(5)couldyoutellmehowtomakeit
(6)wouldyoumindifilearntomakeitfromyou(7)there’snoneed.
(8)whenyousitdownatthetable,takeyournapkinandputitonyourlap.
(9)thedinneralwaysstartswithasmalldish.
(10)maybeyoudon’tknowwhetherit'spoliteornottospeakloudlyatthetable.
(11)remembernottodrinktoomuch.
(12)ifyoucan’tremembertheserules,justdoasotherpeopledo.
(13)peoplearoundtheworldhavedifferenteatinghabits.
(14)doyouknowifpeopleinthesouthofchinaeatnoodles
二、重点短语和语法
1、helpothers帮助别人
2、beproudof=takepridein因、而自豪
3、kindadj。善良的bekindtosb对某人友好n.意为“种类”。
akindof一种manykindsof许多种allkindsof各种各样的
differentkindsof不同种类的ofakind同一种类的
4、
topic3
1.重点词汇和短语:sale,satisfy,menu,wine,bill,salad,coke,lemonade,
worth.effort。realize,onsale,kind—hearted,takeorder,softdrink,maincourse,
behealthy,healthyeating,balanceddiet
2.语法:(1)副词的比较级和最高级。(2)继续学习宾语从句。
3.重点句型及交际用语:
(1)ihopeeveryonehasawonderfultime!
(2)manydifferentdeliciousfoodsareonsale,suchasfriedrice,meatpie,andindiancurries.
(3)we’lltrytosatisfyalltheguests.(4)thestudentsaresokind—hearted.
(5)enjoyyourselves!(6)hereisatablefortwo.(7)mayitakeyourorder
(8)mayihavethebill(9)here’syourchange.(10)couldiorderthemealbyphone
(13)andithinkyouwillbehappierthanallthestudents.
(14)idon'tthinkicaneatitveryneatly!(15)michaelcutsmorefinelythanshe/her。
(16)also,weshouldnevereattoomuchortoolittle.
(17)second,it'sveryimportantforustokeepabalanceddiet。
(18)it'ssaidthathalfofallstudentsdon'thavearegularbreakfastordon'teatanythingatallinthemorning.。
(19)finally,wemustrealizethatweshouldeatnotonlyourfavoritefoodbutalsohealthyfood.
(20)notallstudentshavearegularbreakfast.
(21)themoreregularlyweeat,thehealthierweare.
unit7topic3
1.haveawonderful/good/nice/time=enjoyoneself意为“过得愉快,玩得开心”。
haveagoodjourney旅途愉快
haveanaccident出事故
haveadrinkoforange喝杯橘子汁
haveafightwith和(某人)打架(战斗)
haveafire生火
havenothingtodowith和…无关
havealookat看一看
havenoidea不知道
haveawordwithsb.和某人说句话
2.hope和wish的连系与区别
hope一般侧重于表达有可能实现的愿望,故常译为“希望”。
wish一般侧重于表达不大可能实现或根本不考虑是否可能实现的愿望,故常译为“但愿”。
相同点:
1)表示“想”、“希望”时,均接不定式做宾语。如:
ihope(wish)tocometomorrow。我希望(但愿)明天能来。
2)均可与for连用。如:
let’shopeforthebest。让我们尽量往好处想。
hewishesforadictionary。他想得到一本词典。
不同点:
1)hope和wish均可接宾语从句。wish常用虚拟语气,表示一种无法实现的或不真实的愿望;而hope用陈述语气,表示很有把握实现或得到。如:
iwishiwerebird。但愿我是一只鸟。
ihopeshewon’tcometogether。我不希望她今晚来。
2)wish后通常接“宾语+不定式(宾补)”,而hope不行,如:
myparentswish(不用hope)metogrewupquickly。我父母希望我快快长大。
3)wish可接双宾语,表示“祝愿”,而hope不能。如:
iwish(不用hope)youwellandhappy。我祝你健康幸福。
4)作简略回答时,hope后可用替代词so或not,而wish不能。如:
——willitbefinetomorrow?明天会是晴天吗?——ihopeso。我希望是(晴天)。
——canwebelateforclass?我们上课会迟到吗?——ihopenot。我想不会。
3.(1)onsale意为“出售,上市”
thenewmodelwillbeonsalenextmonth。新款下月上市。
(2)suchas…表示例举;forexample…表示举例说明,常用逗号隔开。如:
ilikedrinkssuchasteaandsoda。我喜欢诸如茶和汽水之类的饮料。
forexample,johnhasthesameopinion。比如约翰就有相同的看法。
4.(1)satisfy是及物动词,表示“使….满意”。如:
theanswerwon’tsatisfyher。那个答案不会使她满意的。
(2)besatisfiedwith对…感到满意。如:
sheissatisfiedwithherson’sprogress。她对儿子的进步感到满意。
5.(1)atablefortow意为“一张两人桌”。
(2)这句是倒装句,其结构为“副词here/there/now/then等+come/go/be等动词的一般现在时+名词”。
6.order的用法
1)作不可数名词时,常与in连用,意为“整齐;顺序;有条理”。
intheright(wrong)order整齐有序(零乱无章)
ingood(bad)order整齐(不整齐)
2)作可数名词时,常与for连用,意为“定购;订货;定货单”。
heplacedanorderfortenboxesofapples。他定购了10箱苹果。
3)作动词时,意为“定购;点(菜等)”。
4)词组或短语:
keeporder维持秩序inorder整齐,有条理inorderto…为了…,以便…
outoforder不整齐,无秩序
7.smell动词,意为“闻起来”,用作系动词,后面跟形容词。
类似的单词有:look(用眼睛)看上去….;feel(用心或手脚)感到….,觉得;taste(用嘴巴)尝起来…;sound(用耳朵)听起来…。还有get,turn,become等。这类词大部分兼有动词与系动词的作用。如:
youlookverynice。你看上去很漂亮。
8.havethebill意为“付账”。类似的词组有:get/playthebill
9.change不可数名词,意为“(找回的)零钱,找头”。
hegavemetwodollarschange。他找给我2美元。
change的用法:
1)作可数名词时,意为“改变;变化;更换;调换”。
i’mgoingtomakesomechangesinthisroom。我打算在这个房间里做些变动。
2)作动词时,意为“改变;改造;交换;调换”。
shehaschangedthemind。她已经改变主意了。
10.常见的合成词:short-sighted近视的,眼光短浅的;short-handed人手短缺的;
light-hearted心情轻松的;narrow-minded心胸狭窄的;cold-blooded冷血的;
deep-seated牢固的;good-tempered脾气好的;old-fashioned老式的。
12.sendto…把…送到…;sendfor派人去请;sendsb.in派某人去(应付困难局面);
sendup发射;发出;把…送上去。
词组:inaminute一会儿,立刻;inashortwhile不久;inahurry匆匆忙忙;indanger在危急中;infront在前面;infrontof在…..的前面;infull全部的;inline排成一行;
inpublic当众;公开地;insurprise惊奇地;intime及时;intheend最后;intheopenair在户外;introuble处在困难中
13.theresultswereworththeeffort付出总有回报;
15.1)beworthsth.值…钱,相当于….的价值;
2)beworthdoingsth.值得做某事;
16.副词的比较级
1.规则变化:1).单音节词和少数双音节词①.一般情况在词尾加-er,-est如:
hardharderhardestfastfasterfastest
②.以字母e结尾的,只加-r,-st如:latelaterlatest
③.以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i,再加–er,-est如:earlyearlierearliest
2)多音节和部分双音节词,在词前加moremost如:quicklymorequicklymostquicklyslowlymoreslowlymostslowly
注意:由形容词通过加后缀-ly派生出来的副词的比较级和最高级加moremost。
2.不规则变化:如:wellbetterbestfarfurtherfurthest
17.(1)副词原级的用法:甲+谓语(行为动词)+as+副词的原级+as+乙
tomstudiesashardasjim汤姆和吉姆学习一样努力。
(2)副词比较级的用法:甲+谓语(行为动词)+副词的比较级+than+乙
lilywrotemorecarefullythanlucy莉莉写得比露西更认真
a.副词的比较级前也可以用:even,still,alot,far,much,alittle,等副词修饰。lipingranmuchfasterthanliming。李平比李明跑的快得多。
b.表示“越…越….”时用“the+副词比较级,the+形(副)词比较级”
themoreregularlyweeat,thehealthierweare。我们吃的越有规律,我们就越健康。
(3)副词最高级的用法:主语+谓语(行为动词)+副词的最高级+in/of范围。
kangkangcutsthemostfinely(ofall).康康切的最精细。
(4)副词最高级转换成比较级时,被比较的对象应用“anyother+单数名词”或“theother+复数名词”,排除主语本身。如:markworkshardestinhisclass。马克在班上学习最刻苦。
markworksharderthananyotherstudentinhisclass。马克在班上学习最刻苦。
markworksharderthantheotherstudentsinhisclass。马克比他班上其他学生学习刻苦。
18.betterlatethannever迟到总比不来的好
itisnevertoolatetomend改过不嫌晚
heatetoomuchfood。他吃得太多。
toomany太多,修饰可数名词。
20.itissaidthat…意为据说或听说….
it代替that从句,it在这里是形式主语,无词义。
itisknownthat…众所周知…;itisreportedthat据报道;itisbelievedthat人人都相信;itisthoughthat人们认为
21.not与all,everything,everyone,everybody,both引导词连用时,表示部分否定,而非全否定。
若表示全否定,则可用none,nothing,noone,nobody,neither等。
unit2theenvironment教案
一.重点短语
1.按照我们一贯的程序followourusualschedule
2.被工业污染破坏bedamagedbyindustrialwaste
3.进入大气中gointotheatmosphere
4.消灭,摧毁wipeout
catchlargenumbersoffishwithoutgivingthemtimetolayeggs
6.需要更多的土地来居住needmorelandtoliveon
7.变成一个大问题turnintoabigproblem
8.环保的生活方式environmentallyfriendlywaysofliving
9.对我们的环境现状很担忧
beveryconcernedaboutthepresentsituationofourenvironment
10.滚滚烟尘cloudsofdirtysmoke
11.向河中倾倒化学废物pourchemicalwasteintoariver
12.逃避对环境的责任hidefromtheresponsibilitiestotheenvironment
13.将金钱视为敌人regard/consider/treat/thinkofmoneyastheenemy
14.对帮助双方都有利的关键thekeytohelpingbothsides
15.征询周边人askaboutthepeoplearound
16.人口的迅速增长therapidgrowingpopulation/rapidpopulationgrows
17.导致饮用水的不安全resultinunsafedrinkingwater
18.意识到保护长江的重要性
recognize/realizetheimportanceofprotectingtheyangtzeriver
19.正在实施中beunderway
20.禁止渔船进入这片水域preventfromenteringthisarea
21.为解决长江的各种问题还有很长的路要走
havealongwaytogotosolvealltheproblems
22.保护这条他们所挚爱的河流的努力theeffortstoprotectthismuch-lovedriver
23.在将来会得到后人是肯定beappreciatedbyfuturegenerationsinthecomingyears
24.environmentalprotection25.makespacefor
26.rawmaterials27.economicdevelopment
28.conflictwitheachother29.theexpressionsneedstobechanged
30.doresearchinto31.pickout
32.presentyourpointofview32.faceseriousenvironmentalproblems
33.doone’spart34.much–lovedriver
35.blamesbforsth=blamesthonsb36.inparticular
37.letoff38.lastbutnotleast
二.非谓语用法默写单
按要求或提示默写下面动词的用法
1.坚持要求被带到…_insistonbeingtakento…
坚持要求做…_insistondoing…
2.希望…\怀着…的希望(做状语)_hoping/inthehopethat…_
3.结果却…(做状语)_onlytodo…___________
4.感激某人做某事__appreciateone(‘s)doingsth
5.有挑战的___challenging___________
有回报的____rewarding_____________
6.坐在椅子上(seat的两种形式作状语)_seatedinthechair
_____seatingoneselfinthechair
坐在椅子上(sit作状语)____sittinginthechair
7.和…相比(做状语的两种形式)____comparedwith_________
____comparing…with…
8.正在被…的事情____sthbeingdone________
已经被…的事情____sthdone…___________
即将被…的事情____sthtobedone________
9.逃避被…____escapebeingdone_____
10.独立主格的形式(同时主动)_n/pron(主格)+doing…______
独立主格的形式(同时被动)_n/pron(主格)+done______
独立主格的形式(已经被动)_n/pron(主格)+havingbeendone_
独立主格的形式(已经主动)_n/pron(主格)+havingdone…__
11.从句经常省略主语和be动词的前提:__主从句的主语一致_______
12.剩下的钱(remain)__theremainingmoney__
剩下的钱(leave)__themoneyleft_________
13.考虑到…(consider做独立状语)__considering…__________
14.动名词复合结构做主语形式:__sb’sdoingsth__________
动名词复合结构做宾语形式:_sb(’s)doingsth_____
15.什么都没做除了做…(but)__donothingbutdo…___
别无选择只好做…(but)__havenochoicebuttodo…
16.allow的用法(2种)__allowsbtodo…______
__allowdoing…_________
18.容易被完成…__easytofinish__________
19.似乎要做…__seemtodo…_________
似乎正在…__seemtobedoing…____
似乎已经…__seemtohavedone…____
20.没有必要做…(已经发生)__thereisnoneedtohavedone…
没有必要做…(未发生)__thereisnoneedtodo…
21.非谓语动词的否定形式:__not+非谓语动词________
22.考虑到一切(状语)__takingeverythingintocosideration
一切被考虑到(状语)__everythingtakenintoconsideration
23.逮到某人做…__catchsbdoing…_____
24.使某人做…(send)__sendsbdoing…________
送某人去做…(send)_sendsbtodo…________
25.使他们的眼睛盯着…__havetheireyesfixedon…
眼睛盯着…__fixtheireyeson…___
使他们的注意力集中于…__havetheirattentionfocusedon…
集中注意力与…__focustheirattentionon…
三.请背诵和保存:
a.后接动名词的动词
admit承认/advise建议/allow允许/appreciate感激/avoid避免/consider考虑/delay推迟/deny否认/discuss讨论/dislike不喜欢/enjoy喜爱/escape逃脱/excuse原谅/fancy设想/finish完成/forbid禁止/forgive原谅/imagine想像/keep保持/mention提及/mind介意/miss没赶上/pardon原谅/permit允许/practise练习/prevent阻止/prohibit禁止/putoff推迟/report报告/risk冒险/stop停止/suggest建议/carryon继续/can’thelp禁不住/feellike想要/giveup放弃/keepon继续/putoff推迟/setabout开始,着手/objectto反对/insiston坚持/payattentionto注意/stickto坚持/getdownto开始认真做/lookforwardsto期盼/be[get]usedto习惯于/leadto导致/bedevotedto致力于,专用于,
b.后接不定式作宾语的动词
afford负担得起/arrange安排/ask要求/care想要/choose决定/decide决定/demand要求/determine决心/expect期待,预计/help帮助/hesitate犹豫/hope希望/long渴望/manage渴望设法/offer主动提出/plan计划/prepare准备/pretend假装/promise答应/refuse拒绝/want想要/wish希望,
特殊情况:
一、后接不定式或动名词且含义相同的动词
这类动词常见的有:like喜欢/love喜欢/hate憎恨/prefer宁可/begin开始/start开始/continue继续/can’tbear不能忍受/bother麻烦/intend想要/attempt试图/等。
二、既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语但意义不同的动词
forget,remember,regret后接不定式或动名词含义不同后接不定式或动名词含义不同
动词forget,remember,regret等接不定式时,表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后;接动名词作宾语时,表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前。
三、mean后接不定式或动名词含义不同
动词mean接不定式作宾语时,表示一种意图,意思是“打算做,想要做”;接动名词作宾语时,表示解释,意思是“意味着,意思是”。如:”ididn’tmeantobotheryou.我本不想打扰你。whathesaidmeansgoingtherebyair.他的话的意思是坐飞机去那儿。
四、try后接不定式或动名词含义不同
try接不定式作宾语时,表示一种决心,意思是“设法做,尽力做”;接动名词作宾语时,表示尝试,意思是“试着做”。如:i’lltrytocatchupwithmyclass.我将尽力赶上同学们。itriedreadingthetextwithoutconsultingmydictionary.我试着不查词典来阅读课文。
五、need,require,want,deserve后接不定式或动名词语态不同
need,require,want,等表示“需要”的动词后另一动词作宾语时,该动词用不定式或动名词均可,但是其语态不同,即动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,而不定式则用被动形式表示被动意义。如:theflowersneedwateringeveryday.=theflowersneedtobewateredeveryday.花儿需要每天浇水。注意:若need,require,want后接动词为句子主语所发出的动作,则只能用不定式,不能用动名词。如:ineedtowatertheflowerseveryday.我需要每天给花浇水。
六、can’thelp后接不定式或动名词含义不同
can’thelp后接不定式时,意思是“不能帮忙做某事”;接动名词作宾语时,意思是“禁不住做某事,情不自禁做某事”。如:i’mverybusynow,soican’thelp(to)cleantheroom.我现在很忙,因此不能帮助打扫房间。thegirlcouldn’thelpcryingwhenshesawhermotheragain.当小女孩再次看到母亲时,她情不自禁地哭了起来。说明:以下两个动词后接不定式或动名词(不一定是用作宾语)意思也不同:goontodosth(做完某事后)继续做另一事)(不定式作状语)goondoing继续做一直在做的事(动名词作状语)stoptodosth停下正在做的事以便去做另一事(不定式作状语)stopdoingsth)停做正在做的事(动名词作宾语)
七、只能后接不定式的动词和短语归纳有的动词后只能用不定式而不能接动名词。
如ask,demand(要求),plan,intend,mean(计划),manage,do/tryone’sbest,makeanattempt,(努力),learn(学习),wish,hope,desire,expect,long,want,wouldlike,shouldlike,wouldprefer,wish,希望、愿意),agree,promise(同意),decide,determine,choose,makeadecision,makeupone’smind(决定),offer(主动提出),apply(申请),help(帮助),fail(不能、没有),prepare(准备),pretend(假装),refuse(拒绝),happen(碰巧),afford(负担得起)等。
unit2theenvironment
project
teachingaims1.helpsslearnanduseenglishbydoingaproject.
2.encouragesstousetheyhavelearnttocompleteaproject.
teachingimportantpointshelpsshowtoplananddoresearchforthereport.
teachingdifficultpoints
helpsshowtocooperateeachpartofworktogether.
teachingmethods
1.students-centered.
2.teacher&students’interaction.
3.multimediaway.
teachingaids1.themultimedia.
2.theblackboard.
teachingprocedures:
step1lead-in
showsomepicturesoftheyangtzeriverandtellssthepurposeoftheclass.
step2learningthetext
1)dividessintogroupsandaskthemtoreadtheirassignedparagraphandreportthemainideaoftheiftotheclass.
p1theenvironmentalproblemsoftheyangtzeriverhaveraisedconcern.
p2manypeoplehaverecognizedtheimportanceofprotectingtheyangtzeriverandmanyenvironmentalorganizationsandprojectshavebeensetup.
p3twospecialgovernmentprojectsareunderwaytoprotecttheriver.oneisthewaterandsoilpreservationproject.
p4thesecondprojectisanaturereserveforwhite-flagdolphins.
p5theenvironmentalsituationoftheyangtzeriverisimproving.
2)encouragessinothergroupstoraiseasmanyquestionsaspossible.
3)asksstoreadthereportcarefullyandanswerthequestions.
4)asksstoformintogroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.
a.whyhavetheenvironmentalproblemsoftheyangtzeriverraisedconcernbothnationallyandinternationally
b.whatdoesthegreenriverorganizationdo
c.whatproblemsdothetwogovernmentprojectsfocuson
d.whatdidfarmershavetodounderthewaterandsoilpreservationproject
e.whatdoesthesecondprojectconcern
extensionquestions:
f.doyouthinktheenvironmentalsituationoftheyangtzeriverisgettingbetterwhy
g.whatelsecanwedotoprotecttheyangtzeriver
5)asksstoreadthearticleagainandanalysethestructureofit.
6)asksstodoclosetest.
7)havessdopartb1&b2,d1&d2.
step3writingareport
planning
●workinsmallgroups.discusswhatyoureadonthepreviouspage,brieflydiscussthequestionsbelowandthendecideonatopicforyourreport.haveitapprovedbyyourteacher.
whatdoyouthinkarethebiggestenvironmentalproblemsinchina
thetopicforyourreportwillbe___________________________.
●discussthetaskslistedbelowanddecidewhichgroupmemberswillberesponsibleforeachtask.writethenamesbesidetheworkeachmemberisgoingtodo.(remember,twoorthreepeoplecanworkonthesametask!)
research__________________________________________________
writetheoutline____________________________________________
writethereport____________________________________________
preparing
●membersresponsiblefordoingresearchneedtofindinformationfromvarioussourcesonthetopicyouhavechosen.thegroupshoulddiscusstheinformationfound,anddecidewhattoincreaseincludeinthereportandwhattoleaveout.
●thoseresponsibleforwritingtheoutlineshouldorganizetheinformationthegrouphasdecidedtouseandwriteanoutlineforthereportusingthatinformation.theoutlineshouldbeapprovedbythewholegroup.
producing
●groupmemberswhoarewritingthereportwillhavetowriteitbasedontheoutline.
●allgroupmembersshouldeditthereportbeforeitispassedontoanothergroupforediting.yourgroupwillbeeditinganothergroup’sreportatthesametime.
●whileediting,youshouldreadthereportcloselyandlookforthefollowing:
sentencestructureorganizationpunctuation
vocabularygrammarspelling
●duringtheeditingstage,correctanymistakesyoufindandoffersuggestionstothegrouponhowtheycanimprovetheirreport.askforcommentsonyourreportaswell.
presenting
●thereportshouldbewrittenandcheckedoncemoreformistakes.
●presentyourreporttotheclass.
●putyourreportuponthedisplaywallofyourclassroomforeveryonetosee.
self-assessment
●readingforinformation
●presentingyourpointofview
●readingareportaboutenvironmentalprotection
●writingareport
ifyouarenotconfidentaboutsomeoftheitemsabove,makeanactionplansoyoucanimproveonthem.
teachingplanforgrammarandusage
teachingaims
1.helpssunderstandverbingformasanadjectiveoradverb
2.masteraverb-ingasattributive,predicative,objectcomplementect.
1.howtouseverb-ingformasanadjectiveoradverb
2.howtouseverb-ingphrases
teachingsteps;
1.thechildrenstopped____astheteachercamein
a.talkb.totalkc.talkingd.talked
2.ifhecanstopthem____there,iwilldoit
a.gob.togoc.goned.going
3.heisquiteused_____inallsortsofweather
a.flyb.toflyc.toflyingd.toflied
4.doctorbethunewenton_____throughtoutthenight
a.workb.workedc.toworkd.working
5.yourshoesaredirty.theyneed____badly
a.washb.washedc.towashd.washing
step21.verb-ingformasanadjectiveoradverb
*attribute
itisaverymovingfilmanditiswellworthseeing
canadaisanenglish-speakingcountry
thegirlsittinginthecornerismybestfriend.
*predicative
yourjourneyinkeryaisreallyexciting
whatyoudidwasdisappointing.
*objectcomplement
wefindthejourneytoamericaexciting.
iheardsomeoneplayingtheviolininthenextroom.
注:在seehearwatchfeelnotice等动词后,用现在分词构成的复合宾语,表示动作正在进行。而动词原形则表示动作的全过程,即动作已结束。
wesawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.
isawthegirlgetintothecaranddriveoff.
2.averb-ingcanbeusedafterverbslikestand,sit,lie.thesetwoactionarehappeningatthesametime.
theystoodtalkingtoeachother.
theystoodwhentheyweretalkingtoeachother.
3.averb-inghasaperfectform,eghavingworked,
havingworkedsidebysidewithmanyenvironmentalists,iknowthatahealthyenvironmentandstableeconomyshouldbepossibleatthesametime.
step3.practise.p29aandb
homework:1.reviewverb-ingformasanadjective
2.finishtheexercise
verb-ingphrases
step1:lead-in
1.-------fullpreparations,wedecidedtoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek.
a.wedidnotmakeb.havingnotmakecwehadnotmaded.nothavingmade
2.europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,-------itthemostpopularsportintheworld.
a.makingbmakescmadedtomade
3.-------whatthesituationwouldbelike,theydecidedtokeepsilent.
a.havingnotknowbknowingnotc.notknowd.notknowing
step2verb-ingphrases
1.verb-ingphrasescanexpress
*time
seeingthebigsnake,thegirlwasalmostfrightendedtodeath.
=whenshesawthebigsnake,………
*reason
beingastudent,imustworkhard.
=becauseiamastudent,imustworkhard.
*result
thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,makingtheairdirty.
=thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke.asaresult,theairismadedirty.
*condition
preparingfully,wecanachievegreatthings
=ifwepreparefully,wecan….
2.wecanalsousethepatternconjunction+verb-ingtoexpresstime.thecommonconjunctionsarewhen,whenever,while,once,anduntil.
wehavetotakeenvironmentalprotectionintoconsiderationwhendevelopingtheeconomy.
3.theunderstoodsubjectofaverb-ingclauseisusuallythesameasthesubjectofthemainclause
hetravelledontheplanelikethis,keepingthetortoisehiddeninablanket.
=whenhetravelledontheplanelikethis,hekeptthetortoisehiddeninablanket.
4.weputnotbeforetheverb-ingtocreateitsnegativeform
hesatthere,notknowingwhattosay.
step3.practisep31
step4exercise:
homework:1.reviewverb-ingphrases
m5u2theenvironment
languagepoints
reading:
1.iamtalkingtoyouaboutthewaylargeareasoftheworldaredamagedbyindustrialwaste.
waste名词(不可数)、形容词、动词
1)认为它是一张废纸,他们可能把它扔掉了.
theyprobablythrewitaway,thinkingitwaswastepaper.
itisawasteoftimearguingwithher.
itisnousewastingtimediscussinghowithappened.
howiregrettedwastingsomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.
2.factoriesproducelargeamountsofpoisonouschemicals.
alargeamountof=largeamountsof修饰不可数名词
人们急需大量的金钱。
alargeamountofmoneyisneededbadly.
3.theseboatscatchlargenumbersoffishwithoutgivingthemtimetolayeggs.
alargenumberof=largenumbersof修饰可数名词复数
thenumberof+名词复数表示…的数量/数目,后面的谓语动词用单数
1)anumberofstudentsareadmitted(admit)toourschoolthisterm.
2)thenumberofthestudentsadmittedtoourschoolisincreasing(increase)yearbyyear.
躺,位于lie---lay---lain---lying
说谎lie---lied---lied---lying
放置,下蛋,产卵lay---laid---laid---laying
thelittleboyliedtohismotherhesawthewhitehenlaidtwoeggandhelaidthemonthetable,butinfact,itusuallylaysoneeggeveryday.
4.resultin(l16)
leadtosth:导致=resultin=contributeto=cause
thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethiefbeingcaught(catch).
反义词:resultfrom=happenbecauseof因…而起,起因于
1)threepeoplewerekilledintheaccident.
theaccidentresultedinthreepeoplebeingkilled.
=threepeople‘sdeathresultedfromtheaccident.
2)thenewbuildingfellbecauseofitssoftbase.(句型转换)
thefallingofthenewbuildingresultedfromitssoftbase.
=itssoftbaseresultedinthefallingofthenewbuilding.
5.theworld’spopulationhasgrownbymorethansixtimeswhatitwasin1800.
倍数表达法
…times+as+adj./adv.+as+…
…times+比较级+than…
…times+the+名词(size/width/length/depth/weight/…)+of+…
这条河流是那条河流的四倍长。
thisriverisfourtimesaslongasthatone.
thisriveristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.
thisriverisfourtimesthelengthofthatone.
grow/increase/rise/climbto增加到grow/increase/rise/climbby增加了
1)工人们正全力以赴,力争使产量增长到五年前的三倍。
theworkersaregoingallouttomaketheoutputrisetothreetimeswhatitwasfiveyearsago.
2)这座城市居民的收入在过去的两年里增加了百分之六十,这让人感到惊讶。
itisamazingthattheincomeofthepeopleinthecityhasincreased/risenby60percentinthelasttwoyears.
6.it’sourdutytotrytocutbackonproductionandreducetheamountofthingswemakeandbuy.
cutbackon/upon削减,缩减,减少,降低
1)政府坚决不减少搜索本﹒拉登的花费,最终他们成功地把他干掉了。
thegovernmentinsistedonnevercuttingbackonthecostofthesearchforbinladenandatlasttheysucceededinkillinghim.
2)许多公司正在削减人员。
manycompaniesarecuttingbackonstaffatthemoment.
3)因为新产品销售不好,董事会成员决定削减产量。
asthenewproductsaren’tsellingwell,themembersofboardhavedecidedtocutbackonproduction.
7.itisclearthatyouareveryconcernedaboutthepresentsituationofourenvironment.
concernvt与…有关,关系到,关于n.关心、焦虑、忧虑
concernedadj.担心的、关心的、挂念的
beconcernedabout/for担心,担忧...
asfarassb/sthisconcerned就…来说,就…而论
concerningprep.关于
1)当船正在下沉的消息传来时,每个人都充满了忧虑。
everybodywasfilledwithconcernwhennewscamethattheshipwassinking.
2)我们都在为她的安全担忧。
we‘reallconcernedfor/abouthissafety.
3)这件事与我们大家都有关。(concern/beconcernedwith)
thismatterconcernsusall/weareconcernedwiththismatter..
4)关于他的未来,他与他最亲密的朋友谈了很多.
concerninghisfuture,hetalkedalotwithhisclosestfriend.
5)就我个人而言,这种坏天气出去散步不是什么好主意。
asfarasiamconcerned,walkinginsuchbadweatherisnotagoodidea.
8.beseenas...(p23,l29)被看成...;被认为是...
beseenas+n/doing
1)贫困和富裕被看成是一块硬币的两面.
povertyandwealthareseenasthetwofacesofthesamecoin.
2)他被看成愚笨、坏脾气,不乐意容人。
heisseenasbeingstupid,bad-temperedandunwillingtotolerateothers.
类似“beseenas”的词组还有:beconsideredas;belookedonas;bethoughtofas;bereferredtoas;betreatedas
9askingaround,ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayslightlyhigherpricesforthingsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.(l48)
askingaround=wheniaskaround
1)一听到这个消息,他就忍不住哭了起来。
hearingthenews,hecouldn’thelpcrying.
2)患有心脏病多年,王教授不论走到哪儿都必须随身带着药。
havingsufferedfromhearttroubleforyears,thepresidenthastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes。
3)被带领参观完实验室之后,校长又带领我们参观了图书馆。
havingbeenshownaroundthelab,ourheadmastershowedusaroundourlibrary.
10.whatiftheyrunout它们要是耗完了会怎么样?
whatif...=whatwouldhappenif...“要是。。。。会怎么样?”
火车要是晚点会怎么样呢
whatifthetrainislate
sthrunout(某物)耗完、用尽
sbrunoutofsth某人用完、耗尽某物
汽油已经用光了。
thepetrolhasrunout/hasbeenrunoutof/hasbeenusedup.
project:
11.range(n.)范围awiderangeof大量的,各种各样的,多种多样的
该公司销售价格差异很大的新车子。
thecompanysellsnewcarswithawiderangeofprices.
range(v.)范围是...rangefrom...to..../rangebetween...and...
他们的年龄在25至50之间.
theiragesrangefrom25to50/rangebetween25and50.
12.relyonitforwater.(l5)
relyon:countordependonsb./sth.依赖,指望
1)nowadayswerelyincreasinglyoncomputerstohelp(help)us.
2)youcanrelyonmetokeep(keep)yoursecret.
3)ireliedonyou(r)coming(come)early.
4)他这个人靠不住。
hecan’tbereliedon.
5)youmayrelyonitthattheworkwillbefinishedaheadoftime.
你可以放心,这项工作将提前完成。
13.twospecialgovernmentprojectsarealsounderway.(p12)
underway:已在实施中,正在进行中
1)theprojectisunderway.
2)economicrecoveryisalreadyunderway.
way常用词组:
inaway在某种程度上
innoway决不
inthis/thatway以这种/那种方式
intheway妨碍、挡道
bywayof:途径
noway没门
onone’s(the)way1)在途中2)即将来临
alltheway:一路上,自始至终
leadtheway领路,带路
feelone’sway摸索前进
loseone’sway迷路
makeone’sway(辛苦地)前进
makewayfor让路,让位
14.resultinfarmersreplacingtheircropswithtreesorgrass
resultinsb/one’sdoing
类似的:imaginesb/one’sdoing;mindsb/one’sdoing
你介意我打开窗户吗
doyoumindme/myopeningthewindow
15.anytimesomethingisburnt,carbonisputintotheatmosphere.(l4)
anytimg(conj)连接状语从句,相当于whenever
无论什么时候你见到他,请提醒他在看我.
anytimeyouseehinm,pleaseremindhimtovisitme.
16.....thecarbonweproduceismuchlessthanthatproducedbyacar